# ISO/IEC 27001 Certification Roadmap — Tender Management System

| Field | Value |
|-------|-------|
| **Document ID** | ISMS-003 |
| **Version** | 1.0 |
| **Status** | Active roadmap |
| **Owner** | Information Security Officer (ISO) |
| **Last Updated** | 2026-06-11 |
| **Target Certification** | ISO/IEC 27001:2022 |

Related: [ISMS Foundation](./ISMS_FOUNDATION.md) | [Risk Assessment Matrix](./RISK_ASSESSMENT_MATRIX.md)

---

## 1. Executive Summary

This roadmap defines a phased path from the current informal security practices to a certifiable ISMS for the Tender Management backend platform. The plan spans approximately **12–18 months** from foundation to Stage 2 certification audit, assuming dedicated part-time security ownership (0.25–0.5 FTE).

### Current State

- Strong technical controls in application layer (JWT, RBAC, validation, XSS, audit logging)
- No formal ISMS documentation, policies, or certified processes
- Risk assessment and asset inventory now documented (initial versions)

### Target State

- Documented and operating ISMS aligned with ISO/IEC 27001:2022
- Risk treatment plans executed for High and Critical risks
- Internal audit program and management review cycle established
- Successful Stage 1 and Stage 2 certification audits

---

## 2. Certification Timeline Overview

```
Phase 0 ──► Phase 1 ──► Phase 2 ──► Phase 3 ──► Phase 4 ──► Phase 5
Foundation   Gap &       Implement    Operate      Pre-Audit    Certification
(Complete)   Policies    Controls     ISMS         Readiness    Audit
  │            │            │            │             │              │
 Jun 2026    Jul-Aug      Sep-Nov     Dec-Mar       Apr-Jun       Jul-Sep 2027
```

| Phase | Name | Duration | Key Deliverable |
|-------|------|----------|-----------------|
| **0** | Foundation | 2 weeks | ISMS scope, asset inventory, risk matrix *(this release)* |
| **1** | Gap Analysis & Policies | 6–8 weeks | Policy suite, SoA draft, gap report |
| **2** | Control Implementation | 10–12 weeks | Technical and procedural controls |
| **3** | ISMS Operation | 12+ weeks | Internal audits, KPIs, management review |
| **4** | Pre-Audit Readiness | 4–6 weeks | Mock audit, evidence pack, corrective actions |
| **5** | Certification Audit | 4–8 weeks | Stage 1 + Stage 2 with accredited CB |

---

## 3. Phase 0 — Foundation (Complete)

**Status:** ✅ Complete as of 2026-06-11

| Task | Deliverable | Status |
|------|-------------|--------|
| Define ISMS scope | [ISMS_FOUNDATION.md §3](./ISMS_FOUNDATION.md#3-isms-scope) | ✅ |
| Create asset inventory | [ISMS_FOUNDATION.md §4](./ISMS_FOUNDATION.md#4-information-asset-inventory) | ✅ |
| Initial risk assessment | [RISK_ASSESSMENT_MATRIX.md](./RISK_ASSESSMENT_MATRIX.md) | ✅ |
| Assign interim ISO role | Pending management approval | ⬜ |
| Executive briefing on ISMS scope | Presentation / sign-off | ⬜ |

---

## 4. Phase 1 — Gap Analysis & Policy Framework

**Target:** Jul–Aug 2026 (6–8 weeks)

### 4.1 Objectives

- Map existing controls to ISO 27001:2022 Annex A
- Identify gaps and produce Statement of Applicability (SoA)
- Publish core ISMS policies

### 4.2 Deliverables

| # | Deliverable | ISO 27001 Reference | Owner | Status |
|---|-------------|---------------------|-------|--------|
| 1.1 | Gap analysis report | Clauses 4–10 | ISO | ✅ Draft |
| 1.2 | Statement of Applicability (SoA) | Annex A | ISO | ✅ Draft |
| 1.3 | Information Security Policy | A.5.1 | Executive Sponsor | ✅ Draft |
| 1.4 | Access Control Policy | A.5.15–A.5.18 | ISO | ✅ Draft |
| 1.5 | Incident Response Plan | A.5.24–A.5.28 | ISO | ✅ Draft |
| 1.6 | Backup & Recovery Policy | A.8.13 | DevOps | ✅ Draft |
| 1.7 | Acceptable Use Policy | A.6.2 | HR / ISO | ✅ Draft |
| 1.8 | Risk Assessment Procedure | Clause 6.1.2 | ISO | ✅ Draft |
| 1.9 | ISMS scope approval (signed) | Clause 4.3 | Executive Sponsor | ✅ Draft — pending signature |

### 4.3 Annex A Gap Snapshot (Initial)

Based on codebase review and [Risk Assessment Matrix](./RISK_ASSESSMENT_MATRIX.md):

| Annex A Theme | Current Maturity | Gap Priority |
|---------------|------------------|--------------|
| A.5 Organizational controls | 2 Yes / 25 Partial / 10 No (of 37) | High |
| A.6 People controls | 0 Yes / 6 Partial / 2 No (of 8) | High |
| A.7 Physical controls | 11 N/A (cloud); 3 Partial (personnel devices) | Transfer to cloud provider |
| A.8 Technological controls | 4 Yes / 22 Partial / 7 No / 1 N/A (of 34) | Medium |

*Per-theme counts: [SoA §7.1](./STATEMENT_OF_APPLICABILITY.md#71-by-theme).*

**Controls with Status = Yes in SoA (fully evidenced):**

| Control | Evidence in Codebase |
|---------|---------------------|
| A.5.9, A.5.12 | Asset inventory; information classification |
| A.8.3 Access restriction | RBAC + company-scoped middleware |
| A.8.4 Access to source code | Git repo with PR review |
| A.8.15 Logging | Structured service logging, `pkg/audit` |
| A.8.26 Application security requirements | Govalidator, XSS policy, Swagger |

**Additional partial in-app controls** (e.g. A.8.5 authentication, A.8.9 configuration, A.8.6 rate limiting) are implemented in code but not yet fully evidenced in the SoA.

**Priority gaps to close in Phase 2:**

| Control | Gap | Planned Action |
|---------|-----|----------------|
| A.8.24 Cryptography | No documented crypto policy; at-rest encryption TBD | Encryption policy; MongoDB/MinIO at-rest |
| A.8.8 Vulnerability management | No formal scanning | CI: govulncheck, SAST, container scan |
| A.8.16 Monitoring | Logs only, no SIEM | Centralized logging + alerts |
| A.5.19–A.5.23 Supplier relationships | No vendor assessments | Vendor questionnaire for AI, notification |
| A.5.29–A.5.30 Business continuity | No DR plan | BCP/DRP with RTO/RPO |
| A.6.3 Security awareness | No training program | Annual training + onboarding module |

---

## 5. Phase 2 — Control Implementation

**Target:** Sep–Nov 2026 (10–12 weeks)

### 5.1 Technical Controls

| Priority | Control | Tasks | Risk IDs | Owner |
|----------|---------|-------|----------|-------|
| P0 | Secrets management | Migrate to vault; remove FCM keys from repo; rotate credentials | R-013 | DevOps |
| P0 | Auth hardening | Rate limit all auth endpoints; MFA for admin users | R-001, R-021 | Engineering |
| P0 | Vulnerability scanning | govulncheck + Dependabot in CI; monthly review | R-010 | Engineering |
| P1 | Encryption at rest | Enable MongoDB and MinIO encryption | R-005, R-006 | DevOps |
| P1 | Monitoring & alerting | Centralize logs; alert on auth failures, 5xx spikes | R-015 | DevOps |
| P1 | RBAC audit | Automated tests for all admin route authorization | R-003 | Engineering |
| P2 | WAF / CDN | DDoS protection for public API | R-012 | DevOps |
| P2 | File upload security | MIME validation, size limits, malware scan | R-011 | Engineering |
| P2 | Refresh token rotation | Complete token rotation implementation | R-002 | Engineering |

### 5.2 Procedural Controls

| Priority | Control | Tasks | Owner |
|----------|---------|-------|-------|
| P0 | Incident response | IR plan, on-call rotation, tabletop exercise | ISO |
| P0 | Change management | PR approval rules, prod deployment checklist | Engineering |
| P1 | Access reviews | Quarterly review of admin and infra access | ISO |
| P1 | Backup verification | Monthly restore test; documented RTO/RPO | DevOps |
| P1 | Vendor management | Security questionnaires for AI, notification, cloud | ISO |
| P2 | DSR process | GDPR data subject request workflow | DPO |

---

## 6. Phase 3 — ISMS Operation

**Target:** Dec 2026 – Mar 2027 (minimum 3 months operation required)

### 6.1 Operating Activities

| Activity | Frequency | Owner | ISO 27001 Reference |
|----------|-----------|-------|---------------------|
| Risk register review | Quarterly | ISO | 6.1.2 |
| Internal audit | Semi-annual | Internal auditor | 9.2 |
| Management review | Quarterly | Executive Sponsor | 9.3 |
| Vulnerability scan review | Monthly | Engineering | A.8.8 |
| Access review | Quarterly | ISO | A.5.18 |
| Backup restore test | Monthly | DevOps | A.8.13 |
| Security awareness training | Annual + onboarding | ISO | A.6.3 |
| Supplier review | Annual | ISO | A.5.19 |
| KPI reporting | Monthly | ISO | 9.1 |

### 6.2 Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)

| KPI | Target | Measurement |
|-----|--------|-------------|
| Critical/High open risks | 0 Critical; ≤3 High | Risk register |
| Mean time to patch (Critical CVE) | ≤ 7 days | Vulnerability tracker |
| Failed login rate | Baseline + alert threshold | SIEM |
| Backup restore success | 100% monthly test | DevOps report |
| Security training completion | 100% staff | HR records |
| Incident response time (P1) | ≤ 1 hour acknowledgment | IR log |

---

## 7. Phase 4 — Pre-Audit Readiness

**Target:** Apr–Jun 2027 (4–6 weeks)

| Task | Description |
|------|-------------|
| Select certification body (CB) | Accredited ISO 27001 registrar |
| Mock Stage 1 audit | Documentation review against Clauses 4–10 |
| Evidence pack assembly | Policies, risk register, audit reports, training records, change logs |
| Corrective actions | Close all findings from mock audit |
| Employee interviews prep | Staff briefed on ISMS policies and their roles |
| SoA finalization | All Annex A controls marked with implementation status |

### 7.1 Evidence Checklist

- [ ] Signed Information Security Policy
- [ ] Approved ISMS scope document
- [ ] Risk assessment and treatment plan (current version)
- [ ] Statement of Applicability
- [ ] Internal audit reports (≥1 cycle)
- [ ] Management review minutes (≥1 cycle)
- [ ] Incident response plan and test record
- [ ] Access review records
- [ ] Vulnerability scan reports
- [ ] Backup/restore test records
- [ ] Training completion records
- [ ] Vendor assessment records
- [ ] Change management records (sample)

---

## 8. Phase 5 — Certification Audit

**Target:** Jul–Sep 2027

### 8.1 Stage 1 — Documentation Review

- CB reviews ISMS documentation for conformity with ISO 27001:2022
- Scope, SoA, risk assessment, and policy completeness verified
- Findings documented; corrective actions before Stage 2

### 8.2 Stage 2 — Implementation Audit

- CB verifies controls are implemented and operating effectively
- Interviews with key personnel
- Sampling of evidence (logs, tickets, access records)
- Nonconformities classified as Minor or Major

### 8.3 Post-Certification

- Surveillance audits annually
- Full recertification every 3 years
- Continuous improvement via PDCA cycle

---

## 9. Resource Estimate

| Role | Effort | Phase(s) |
|------|--------|----------|
| ISO (part-time) | 0.25–0.5 FTE ongoing | All |
| Engineering Lead | 0.1 FTE | 2, 3 |
| DevOps Lead | 0.15 FTE | 2, 3 |
| DPO (part-time) | 0.05 FTE | 1, 2 |
| External consultant (optional) | 5–10 days | 1, 4 |
| Certification body | Fixed fee | 5 |
| Security tooling (SIEM, scanning) | Budget item | 2 |

**Estimated total cost range:** €15,000–€40,000 (highly dependent on org size, tooling, and consultant use)

---

## 10. PDCA Cycle Integration

```
    ┌─────────────┐
    │    PLAN     │  Scope, risk assessment, policies, SoA
    └──────┬──────┘
           ▼
    ┌─────────────┐
    │     DO      │  Implement controls, training, procedures
    └──────┬──────┘
           ▼
    ┌─────────────┐
    │    CHECK    │  Internal audit, KPIs, management review
    └──────┬──────┘
           ▼
    ┌─────────────┐
    │     ACT     │  Corrective actions, risk updates, improve
    └──────┬──────┘
           └──────────► (back to PLAN)
```

---

## 11. Milestones & Decision Gates

| Milestone | Target Date | Gate Criteria |
|-----------|-------------|---------------|
| M0: Foundation approved | 2026-06-30 | Executive sign-off on scope and asset inventory |
| M1: Policy suite published | 2026-08-31 | 5 core policies + risk procedure drafted; pending executive approval |
| M2: Critical risks mitigated | 2026-11-30 | No Critical residual risks |
| M3: ISMS operational | 2027-03-31 | 1 internal audit + 1 management review complete |
| M4: Pre-audit passed | 2027-06-30 | Mock audit with no Major findings |
| M5: ISO 27001 certified | 2027-09-30 | Stage 2 certificate issued |

---

## 12. Document Control

| Version | Date | Author | Changes |
|---------|------|--------|---------|
| 1.0 | 2026-06-11 | Engineering | Initial certification roadmap |

**Approval**

| Role | Name | Signature | Date |
|------|------|-----------|------|
| ISO | _Pending_ | | |
| Executive Sponsor | _Pending_ | | |
